Life with MS

Wheelchair (Mis)Adventures

MS is such a rollercoaster for me that I can go from walking (almost) normally to having trouble walking in the same afternoon because my knee and ankle don’t want to bend. I have used a variety of AFOs off-and-on over the years to help, but I’ve been fortunate that my MS has never made my walking so bad that I needed a wheelchair. 

That changed in late August of this year. As many of you know, I broke my MS-affected leg, and since then, I haven’t been allowed to put any weight on it. Most of the time I get around on crutches, but I knew I'd need some extra help getting around for a work trip to Las Vegas to teach at the Pilates Method Alliance Conference. I brought a wheelchair I had only used three times before and it was a eye-opening experience. I thought I’d share my thoughts here.

I'll start from the beginning of the journey, at my home, which is decidedly NOT handicap accessible. I can barely fit the wheelchair through my front door, and there are steps down in multiple places, which lead to a sidewalk of attractive, yet uneven, brick. One week after my leg reconstruction surgery, my husband took me on a wheel around the neighborhood. The wheelchair (admittedly, a cheap one) couldn’t get over many portions of sidewalk. If we went forward, the small wheels in front got stuck, so we had to go backwards. I tried to do some of the wheeling, but quickly realized that without gloves, my hands were getting blisters from the friction of using the wheelchair – not so much in going forward but in using my hands to slow down momentum or to steer. Your hands essentially act as both your motor and your brakes.

Next came the perils of airport travel. I was lucky enough to have friends traveling with me to the PMA Conference. They helped carry bags and pushed me through the airport because I certainly don’t have the upper body endurance to keep pushing that far… especially when you hit carpet.

Carpet feels like moving through sand. The wheelchair gets markedly “heavier” as the drag of the carpet fibers pulls it back. I recently heard someone complaining about their roller suitcase on carpet. Yep. That. But much worse. God forbid you’re going up a hill. You have to get some serious momentum going or else you will start to roll backwards. I don’t care how strong you are – gravity is real and it is no joke.

When boarding a train to take us from one terminal to the other, my front wheel got stuck in the gap between the train and the platform. It was momentarily terrifying, since the wheelchair was tipping (and the door would be closing soon). Fortunately, a strong guy came along to help lift the chair (with me in it) out of the abyss. It wasn’t a pitfall I even considered before the trip.

Another phenomenon I noticed: in a wheelchair, you become simultaneously conspicuous and invisible. Because you are lower to the ground than most everyone else at the airport, people often run into you or don’t move out of your way. They are looking at their own eye level (or likely, they’re on their phones). But people who do look at you try hard not to noticeably look at you. It’s natural to be curious – I know I always am. If I see someone with a walking aid or wheelchair, I always want to know what happened.

The hotel had a new set of challenges to tackle. Our “handicap accessible room” kind of wasn’t. At one point I went to the room by myself. I had the wheelchair with crutches strapped to the back. To reach the slot to insert the hotel key card, the wheelchair had to be closer to the door than it could be if you were heading straight at the door. I had to approach it at about a 45 degree angle and lean way forward to reach. Once the door opened, though, I was not at angle where I could actually maneuver the chair through the door (which was heavy). I tried propping the door open with my good leg (what if I were paralyzed and didn’t have a “good leg”?). But, in that position, I couldn’t get through the door. My right hand was smashing into the door frame, and if I went backwards to try to square the chair to the door, the door would shut. Granted, I didn't expect to become a wheelchair pro in a couple of days, but I couldn’t make it through the door at all. I had to park the chair, grab the crutches, and use that smaller footprint, increased height, and maneuverability to get through the door, prop it open from the inside, and drag the chair inside. I also encountered handicapped restrooms that were so small I could only wheel straight in, park, and use the crutches or rails to hop (on my good leg) towards the toilet.

Then it was on to the conference hall. I had been to Vegas several times previously, and it always struck me how spread out everything was. I live in Washington, D.C., a crowded city, dominated by rowhouses. My main studio is slightly less than one mile from my house, so I have become accustomed to traveling that distance, over several blocks, past dozens of restaurants, bars, shops, apartments, and homes. The exhibit hall was roughly the same distance from our hotel room… but in the same building. Although I have pretty decent upper body strength, I would probably still be slowly making my way from the room to the exhibit floor if Meghann or others weren’t available to give me a push. It was exhausting.

I doubt any of this will come as a surprise for those who have used a wheelchair regularly, and these types of frustrations aren't relegated to special events or cross-country travel. Even something as leisurely as a trip to the movies presented unexpected challenges around every corner. When my husband and I went to see A Simple Favor, I wheeled myself up a ramp located next to the handicapped parking spaces only to discover that there were four stairs at the end of the ramp. I had to go another way (back from the parking lot, to the right, down the street, and up another ramp). It was totally illogical. Why have a ramp that leads to stairs?

Once I got to the door to the theater, the handicap button to open the doors was broken. After just three months on crutches/in a wheelchair, I can confidently tell you that those buttons work roughly half of the time, if they are there at all. My physical therapist office doesn’t even have one. I literally have to call upstairs to have someone come down and open the door for me.

The fact is that the U.S. remains largely inaccessible for persons with disabilities despite the Americans with Disabilities Act. Since I was diagnosed with MS in 2002, I’ve been conscious of places that aren’t accessible at all. I never realized the places I thought probably were accessible that aren’t, or aren’t accessible enough. When you’re traveling this holiday season, notice all of the places that would be hard to maneuver if you can’t walk.

As of last week, I’m allowed to transition back to walking again. I’m glad to rejoin the world of the walking, although I am also reminded of the MS issues that made walking sometimes difficult. I'm limping not only from the pain of putting weight on my heavily-metal leg, but also from missing three months of left calf stretches and the MS spasticity I let myself largely ignore while I focused on rehabbing my broken leg.

I plan to get back to where I was pre-injury, even if it takes me months, but I will never forget the perspective I gained from my wheelchair days. I can’t see the future, but thankfully, I have strategies to treat my spasticity and regain leg strength. I'm doing my best to create something positive from this misfortunate situation, so stay tuned for the left-leg recovery videos that are coming your way. 

In health,
Mariska

Bad Day and Setbacks

I’ve spent a lot of time (years) trying to get my MS-affected left leg to work better. I’ve worked on the strength and flexibility of my ankle. I’ve tried to keep my left knee from hyperextending through countless variations of hamstring and quadricep exercises. I’ve tried to stabilize my hip. And even though rehabbing flare-ups has been tough, I’ve been able to keep my leg pretty functional thanks to the exercises you'll see inside The Neuro Studio, our online studio and passion project.

The worst side effect I've experienced is a joint contracture caused by spasticity in my calf, and it has been consistent for about eight years. On August 23, I was going to schedule surgery to lengthen that muscle and try to recover some lost range of motion to see if I could get some improvement. 

But that didn’t happen.

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That morning, I took my puppy to the dog park. While I was watching him run around, smelling all the other dogs and generally being a very good boy, two other dogs were playing a game of chase. I’d estimate they were between 80-100 pounds each. And all of that weight, going as fast as they could run, did a quick turn and slammed into my leg, breaking it in three places.

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It was my left leg. My "bad leg." And now I’m largely out of commission - fully non-weight bearing, on crutches or in a wheelchair, till at least Thanksgiving. My leg is held together with cadaver bone, two plates, eight screws, and more than four hours of surgery. 

Although it always sucks to break your leg, the thing that I thought immediately was, "why does it have to be my left leg?" Everything is always harder for me to do with this leg, and has been since my first bad MS flare-up in 2002. 

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If I say honestly how I feel about it, I’m angry. I’m angry that I work so hard to keep my body strong and now I have months and months of rehab to try to get back to where I was - and even more than that to get where I wanted to be. I’m angry that a surgery I wanted to have to walk better is pushed back until next year at the earliest, because I have to fully heal from this before I can even think of tackling that (and all of the rehab that surgery was going to entail). I’m not angry at the dogs, because it wasn’t their fault that I couldn’t jump out of their way. I’m just angry that life decided to give me another mountain to climb health-wise. I feel this way when I have a flare-up, too. Like, enough God/universe/life. I mean, come on! 

So, if you are a person with a neurological condition and you’re feeling down, know that I get it. I got it when I just had MS and not MS and a broken leg. I know that it’s tough and unfair and there are some very bad people out there to whom nothing bad seems to ever happen. I know that it feels like we sometimes can’t catch a break (so to speak).

I don’t have an inspirational message for you this month. The good news is that you can head over to our Facebook page to see some of the amazing progress that our teachers are having with their neurological clients. That whole “tough times don’t last” thing is true more often that not. I promise you’ll be inspired by them. And, I’ll be posting something later today because I’ve decided I’m going to try to go back to work with my trainer. I have no idea what we’ll be doing. I just know I won’t be wallowing in what I can’t do. Right now though...right now, I’m taking a minute to be angry and sad. If you need a day, take it. Regardless of what’s going on in your life, you’ve earned it.

In health,

Mariska

When your body stops speaking softly…

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One of the things I’ve learned from having MS for most of my adult life is that your body talks to you. If you’re a healthy person, it talks to you. If you have a chronic illness, it talks more. Sometimes it’s with a mild tingle. Other times, it’s balance that’s worse than usual. And sometimes you wake up, and you can’t walk without tripping. I’d say it keeps you on your toes, but sometimes it knocks you on the floor.

I haven’t been feeling great. I’ve been more tired than usual (I blamed the multiple projects I have going on, and a LOT of recent work and family-related travel). Around Thanksgiving, walking was getting more difficult. I was tripping more than usual, and feeling generally clumsy.

With MS, you can get what are called pseudo-flares. They come when you’re tired or sick. I was fighting off a cold. I figured that was it. That might have been what it was. Or it might be a real flare – a time when the disease is active. It’s not really possible to know for sure.

This past weekend, I was teaching a workshop in Miami. As I was walking out the door to go to the airport, I grabbed an old (and uncomfortable) AFO. An AFO is an ankle-foot orthosis, and it assists in lifting your foot during the swing phase of gait if you have foot drop, a common neurological issue seen in everything from MS and stroke to knee surgery gone awry.

Those of you who have taken my workshop know that I’m not a huge fan of AFOs. They don’t help with neuroplasticity, and often people use them whether or not they really need them. But, they are also sometimes a necessary tool to make it easier to get through the day… or, an undetermined length of a walk through an airport.

So, I sucked it up and wore an AFO all weekend when I was walking any distance. And I called my doctor and cried “Uncle.” It had been a couple of weeks. It was time for medical intervention.

I spent the day yesterday at the doctor, and then in the ER, and finally admitted to receive a dose of a highly toxic but very effective medication that I had delayed taking probably too long. And, I’m going to wear the AFO for a while and maybe even get a better one because sometimes, making your life simpler isn’t giving up. It’s just letting go. It’s wearing the damn brace. And taking the icky drug. And fighting again… but just not today. Today is for rest.

In health,

Mariska

Week Intensive of Neurorehab – Review

I just got home from a full week of daily neurorehabilitation at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore.

By the end of today, we managed to get my ankle to an active -10 degrees of dorsiflexion (Monday was -25) and passive to +17 (Monday was 0). Since ankle tightness is my major problem, we’re considering that a huge win. I have a home program now to work on to try to keep some of those gains. Sadly, with neurological conditions and especially spasticity, these types of gains tend to be temporary, but having a plan on how to achieve them at all is fantastic. I did improve it with my own tricks, but I wasn’t getting gains like I did today.

How’d we do it? First, I stood on the Galileo for 3 sets of 3 minutes, doing increasingly deep squats to stretch my calves while getting the spasticity to calm down from the oscillating vibration (seriously, this machine is magical, and it actually mediates the stretch reflex, which is hyperactive in spasticity). Then, I did a Mulligan mobilization technique that I had seen but hadn’t regularly done on myself. I did 10 reps of 5 seconds each rep. Next up, I did alternating functional electrical stimulation, working 1 second of plantar-flexion and 1 second of dorsiflexion, for 5 minutes. I placed my foot on a block to allow my foot to point down and see how high I could lift it up (I’ll be doing this on the reformer at home… because everything is better when you add the Pilates!)

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After that, we measured my active (me trying to move my ankle) and passive (the PT pushing on my foot to flex my ankle) range of motion to get the measurements I listed above. On Monday, we had set the goal of the end of two weeks to hit 0 degrees of active dorsiflexion, so I’ll keep working at it daily on my own. I’ll head back to Kennedy Krieger in several weeks to get a round of botox to further loosen my calf muscles and then go into twice-weekly PT with them while the botox has weakened by calf muscles (weak is going to be easier to stretch than overly tight). This is a change of plans over where I started on Monday when I was going to be coming for two weeks straight. Botox takes about 3 weeks to take full effect, so I need to first, get the injections and second, start with slightly altered PT when it’s in my system.

We also discovered a bit of a mystery. I’ve realized over several years that I have a lot of difficulty doing open chain hamstring exercises with my left leg (think single leg kick). I always blamed this on quadricep spasticity. What Kristen (PT) discovered is that it’s actually not spasticity. My left quadricep doesn’t know that it needs to turn off to allow my hamstring to fire correctly. So, when I try to move my hamstring (like kicking towards my glutes), I feel a strange stuttered movement. Now that it was pointed out to me, I can actually see my vastus lateralis (quad muscle to the outside of the leg) twitching when I try to bend my knee (we are our own worst clients). This means that it’s actually a coordination issue, not a spasticity issue as I had suspected. Somewhere in my brain (likely in my cerebellum, near where I have some MS lesions), there are some crossed wires. Your cerebellum organizes movement in your body.

For those of you who have taken my workshops, we talk a lot about motor and sensory brain maps. I think that the quadricep and hamstring maps have overlapped, so now part of my physical therapy plan will be exercises to focus on differentiating them. This will involve using e-stim with exercises that move fairly rapidly from knee extension to knee flexion.

Finally, we did a ton of gait videos looking how my gait changed with different levels of orthotics. Some people in the Pilates world are anti-orthotics, but if you’re dealing with a lot of stability and tightness issues, it makes sense to try to have your ankle alignment be as good as possible. The winning orthotic was a very deep heel cup, which prevented my right (good side!) ankle from going from supination to a large pronation on each step.

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Still no news on the DEXA scan, so I’ll blog about that when I get the results.

In health,

Mariska

Determining an ASIA Score and the Role of a Physiatrist in Neurorehabilitation

If you don’t have a significant injury or medical condition, you don’t need a physiatrist. You can stop reading.

But if you do have one of the above things, a physiatrist can be one of the most valuable treatment partners you have.

A physiatrist is like a physical therapist, except a medical doctor. His or her specialty is in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Many of them have sub specialties in brain injury, spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, or orthopedics.

Their focus is on improving function, and unlike most doctors (sorry, most doctors), they have a superb understanding of how the body moves. I have been going to specialists for a very long time, and I will tell you that most general practitioners, liver specialists, neurologists, gynecologists, endocrinologists, etc know slightly more than not very much about movement (and much less than most Pilates professionals or highly trained exercise instructors know).

Today at Kennedy Krieger Institute, I met with their resident physiatrist, Dr. Recio. There was another doctor present, whose name I forget, but who was doing specialized training as a spinal cord injury doctor.

Similar to my first meeting with a physical therapist this week, Dr. Recio did a lot of muscle strength and range of motion tests. He watched my gait (I tripped twice for him – which is actually rare for me – so I guess, um, thanks multiple sclerosis, for showing your tricks today).

Unlike the less specific tests done by the neurophysical therapist, Dr. Recio was trying to figure out my ASIA score. ASIA is an acronym for “American Spinal Injury Association,” and the ASIA score is designed to measure a patient’s spinal cord injury to help figure out a plan for rehabilitation. The doctor measures the strength of 10 muscles (5 upper body/both sides and 5 lower body/both sides). All of my upper body scores were 5. My lower body scores were 5 (complete strength, full range of motion) on everything except hip flexor (4 both sides) and left side dorsifelxor (which scored a 1, which shows there’s a visible weakness and lack of mobility through a normal range of motion).

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Apparently, I had an “astonishing” result once he started testing sensory nerves. Although I have measurable weakness in a couple of muscles in my legs, I have zero impact on sensation. Evidently, this is not something he ever sees (oh, to be a medical mystery).

To test sensation, the ASIA test looks at soft touch (sensory nerves for these are close to the surface), which they test by running a Q-tip along your skin to see if you can feel it, and pain, which uses the pinprick test. The doctor uses a stick pin and sticks either the sharp side or the dull side on your body at different points and you say whether it’s the sharp side or not. The spots they hit are called dermatomes, a patch of skin innervated (i.e. The nerves come from the spinal cord to there) at different spinal cord levels.

Somehow (medical mystery), I have a 100% intact sensory system while simultaneously having neurologically affected muscles.

Here’s why that’s so weird.

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This is the drawing Dr. Recio made to explain it to me. Look to the right side of the drawing. Do you see the green dot with a triangular shape green thing under it? The green dot that’s on top represents the sensory nerves for the pinprick test. The dot underneath (which he “erased” a little to represent weakness), represents the motor pathways for my leg muscles. They are right next to each other, and somehow, the MS damage I have managed to bypass the (very, very close) sensory system.

So, my ASIA Score is L1 (lumbar 1, indicating the lowest level on the spinal cord was function is still perfect – for me, it’s at the 1st lumbar vertebra), ASIA D. The ASIA Score runs A-E, with A being a complete spinal cord injury (paralysis) and B-D being different measurements of how affected you are (B more, D less). E would be normal function.

This wasn’t the only thing I did today. My meeting with him was over two hours, so I had no physical therapy, but I did have a brief meeting with the social worker and then a full body DEXA scan (bone test – I’ll blog about that soon). Dr. Recio assured me that they had many, many things to do with me that I haven’t tried yet, and that they are the best neurorehab hospital in the country with the most tools for treatment. As nice as everyone is here, I’m inclined to believe he’s right.

There will be a likely change in plans, though. Dr. Recio thinks they need to Botox my leg (again) to weaken the spasticity in my left calf before they try all their rehab tricks. So, I’m not sure if I’ll be here all week next week as well, or if we’re going to move to long term treatment, twice a week for several months.

Stay tuned!

In health,

Mariska

Adventures in Neurorehab – Day 2: Gait, and Stairs, and Therapy Monkeys – Oh My!

Today was Day 2 of my 2 weeks at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore, and I have to say, I felt a lot better about what we did today than what we did yesterday. Yesterday was a lot of measurements. Today, was a lot of work.

Since I want to keep this as part of a personal diary so I can go back and remember everything I did, here’s how the day went.

1.  First, Alison (PT) sent me to the Galileo (oscillating vibration plate) to try to tire out my calf muscles and relieve some of the spasticity in them (which is always worse in the morning). I did two 3-minute sets standing on it – one of calf raises and one of just standing.

2. Next up, Alison hooked me up to a sling (it looks quite a lot like a rock climbing harness) because I was going to do a lot of exercises on the treadmill, and to help make it a little easier for me, she hoisted me up a bit by hooking the sling to an attachment on the ceiling, so that I was 30 percent lighter than I actually am. I can’t say that I felt much lighter… because Alison also strapped an ankle weight to my leg that always has a harder time. I walked “normally” (as much as that is possible in this scenario), with her holding onto the back of the harness to help stabilize my hips. Usually, I don’t have any issues stabilizing my hips, but the harness is lifting you up slightly, which makes your pelvis want to rotate. After regular walking, I did side steps (both sides), and then a horrible set where I had to step over a pool noodle with every step of my (weak dorsiflexor/hip flexor) left foot. This was very, very hard for me, as my foot doesn’t clear the ground easily. I may have crushed the pool noodle… Finally, I got to walk without the pool noodle, at a faster pace. My Fitbit tells me the totality of the walking was 2500 steps, but I think it might be off as I had to be reminded to swing my arms. Your arms are through straps in this setup, so natural arm movement doesn’t feel particularly natural.

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3. Next, we went to the stairs (just a regular staircase, nothing special). First, Alison wrapped a heavy theraband around my left ankle and I stepped my foot forward to tap the step, lifting  against the weight of the band. I actually teach this exercise in my Pilates for Neurological Conditions courses. It really does work much better if you have someone holding the theraband. When I do it myself, I just tie it to a heavy piece of furniture.

After that, I walked up the stairs without holding on (I usually hold on, since my weaker foot likes to catch the step, which makes me more likely to fall UP the stairs than down them. But because this is PT, and I want (they made me) to do hard things, I walked without holding anything and then with my arms above my head. I also did sideways walking up the steps, bringing one foot to a step and the other foot adjacent to it, and going up that way. It was only difficult on the left side, so I did more reps on that side.

4. Our next exercise actually combined two exercises that I teach in my workshop. One is picking up marbles with your toes and moving them into a container. This works the intrinsic foot muscles. I’m actually very good at it, which I credit less to practice and more to the fact that my mom wouldn’t let us wear shoes in the house, so my foot dexterity is good (as I wear shoes as infrequently as possible, so my feet are pretty flexible). I did this adding e-stim to my dorsiflexors as I was lifting my foot (which I do by itself as an exercise). I liked combining the two because it cuts down on time.

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5. Then we put stim on my calves with the setting to TENS, which doesn’t make a muscle contract, but can help tired out the muscle fibers to relax it. I did sets of jumps with the TENS on, again trying to wear out my calves to cut down on the spasticity. I really want to try that out on my jump board, because in general, I can’t do jump board because my leg goes into a kind of spasm called clonus when I land from a jump. Perhaps with the stim being used in that way, it won’t happen. I’ll try it when I get home this weekend.

6. That was it for regular PT, but my main PT Kristen had suggested I would really benefit from dry needling, which I used to do regularly, so I said sure. Now, I remember my strong love-hate relationship with dry needling. It does really help loosen tight muscles. If you have a knot in a muscle, especially one just caused by a muscle strain, get to a dry needler asap. It works amazingly well. It also hurts like a bitch. Excuse my language, but that is mild compared to what I muttered under my breath/in my mind. In dry needling, acupuncture needles are inserted into a muscle, usually at a trigger point, and then wiggled around until the muscle has a spasm. Sometimes, these are really violent spasms (I have bent needles before). Then, for some reason I don’t think scientists have completely figured out, the spasm makes the muscle relax. Not right away, though. First you are very, very sore for a day or two afterwards.

The dry needling PT (Liza) has an identical twin who also works at Kennedy Krieger, which is cool, but also messes with your head when you wonder why Liza keeps changing clothes until you realize there’s also a Vicky.

Coolest thing of the day? There is a woman here who has a THERAPY MONKEY!! You heard me right. There are plenty of dogs at Kennedy Krieger, as dogs are the go-to therapy assistant animal. And anyone who knows me knows I am obsessed with dogs. Dogs, though, are not monkeys. I’ll try to meet said monkey tomorrow. I feel like we’ll be great friends. (To learn more about monkeys for spinal cord patients, check out this link!).

In health,

Mariska